Analog and PWM signals
Use a potentiometer to control an indicator, and learn how analog measurements differ from PWM outputs.
Every tutorial on the site, 22 in all. Browse by topic or by tag to narrow them down.
Use a potentiometer to control an indicator, and learn how analog measurements differ from PWM outputs.
Upload your first sketch, blink the built-in LED, and use Serial Monitor to see what the board is doing.
Wire a button with an internal pull-up, debounce it, and toggle an indicator once per press.
Send commands and readings over USB serial, then choose between UART, I²C, SPI, and networking.
Wire a low-current status indicator and blink it without blocking the rest of your program.
Read an HC-SR501 motion sensor and learn why movement detection is different from occupancy.
Decode an old remote with a 38 kHz receiver and distinguish new presses from held-key repeats.
Move a lightweight pointer with two buttons while powering a micro servo independently of the controller.
Understand a servo conversion, calibrate neutral, and control continuous rotation with a short timed run.
Move a 5 V 28BYJ-48 with a ULN2003 driver, starting slowly and accounting for missed steps and backlash.
Use a 74HC595 to drive eight low-current indicators with three controller pins.
Build a low-side transistor switch, then learn what changes when the load becomes a motor or relay.
Measure distance with an HC-SR04, reject missing echoes, and compare raw readings with a small median filter.
Understand a local voice pipeline, Rhasspy’s legacy role, and a practical first experiment using Home Assistant Assist.
Build a temperature reminder with simulated readings, readable debug output, and a rule that does not chatter near its threshold.
Build and test a door-left-open reminder using two virtual switches before buying any sensors.
Give a small connected project clear permissions, visible failure states, and a repeatable security check before relying on it.
Show readable status symbols on a MAX7219 matrix instead of adding a full screen.
Run a loopback-only Mosquitto practice broker, give a sensor and reader different permissions, and test the denied cases.
Read a thumb stick, calibrate its resting center, and add a dead zone for stable controls.
Decode a mechanical knob’s direction and count complete quadrature cycles without mistaking every bounce for a turn.
Read an RC522 tag identifier with correct voltage translation, and understand why a UID is not a secure key.