Boards and essentials
Digital multimeter
Check resistance, continuity, and low-voltage power before debugging code.
What it does
A meter lets you distinguish an open connection, a short, and the wrong supply voltage. These tests often explain symptoms that look like software faults.
Connections and compatibility
Use resistance or continuity only on an unpowered circuit. Measure voltage across the two points of interest with the leads in COM and the voltage socket.
Choosing one
A basic meter with continuity indication is sufficient for these low-voltage tutorials. Read its manual before changing modes.
Common mistakes
Never place a meter configured for current measurement directly across a supply. These tutorials do not require measurements on mains circuits.
Use it in a tutorial
- Convert a servo to continuous rotation — Understand a servo conversion, calibrate neutral, and control continuous rotation with a short timed run.